News Kashmir Magazine

Syed Karar Hashmi

Message of Karbala is to strive or struggle for the cause of Islam, justice and righteousness. It can be waged by various means such as speeches, writings, wealth, enlightening fellow humans by oratory and discourses or writing books and articles . So also funding of welfare projects like schools, hospitals, roads, bridges and so on.

To  think always about  one’s defense is the proof of being alive and alert. Suppose we are dealing with a powerful enemy who intends to violate our rights  or to attack the territory of our lands, and suppose that we are at the moment too weak to defend ourselves and any effort on our part would entail a serious loss and no positive result could be gained now or in the future. In such a case it is obvious that we are unable to resist such a strong foe but, at the same time, we are obliged to strengthen our forces rather than losing our spirit and remaining inactive.

THE KARBALA SHOWS US TO STRIVE AGAINST ALL IMPERIAL POWERS IRRESPECTIVE OF NUMERICAL STRENGTH TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION.

Imam Husayn had shown by his acts as well as his various discourses during the seven days of Muharram at Karbala, that this conflict was much more universal in nature, and that he knew that he was going to live forever through his martyrdom.

Yazeed died as uselessly as he lived; only three years after the battle of Karbala took place. While trying to race a baboon, he fell from his horse and broke his neck. As history has recorded, those who were apparent victors at Karbala have disappeared without trace.

While the plain of Karbala was transformed from a deserted piece of barren land into a bustling town, of which, the central monument is Imam Husayn’s glorious tomb. Millions of people visit the tomb in reverence, all the year round, day and night. Imam Husayn’s martyrdom is observed with solemn deference all over the world, every year during the first ten days of the month of Muharram, by his followers. Public gatherings are held, speeches are made in which the story of Karbala is retold in touching tones and prayers are made to the effect that may the almighty Allah grant the same courage and strength to his followers in their hour of trial as he did to Imam Husayn. At the end of these gatherings, the audience stand up and pay homage to Husayn and his companions in the following formal terms:

I WISH I WAS WITH YOU ( AT KARBALA ) AND WOULD THEREFORE, HAVE ATTAINED THE SAME EXALTED STATION ( AS YOU DID).

Although, the observance of commemoration of Imam Husayn in Muharram has only recently started in the Western countries, they are a part of the Muslim culture in India, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq and other eastern countries.

New centers have been established in Canada, the USA, and in many European countries where these practices of Muharram are done with all the elaborate details.

The main element of these commemorative practices is the message of Imam Husayn, which is also the message of the Prophet of Islam, which is Islam in its purest form.

Karbala is a gift to humanity. It teaches the parents how to love and cherish their children – however, when the time of sacrifice, the parent comes is in the forefront to sacrifice his/her child for the right cause.It teaches men and women how a husband should behave with her wife, and vise-versa. Even when the family is threatened for life, property, and honour, how sensible people keep their heads and act according to Allah’s and nature’s laws. It teaches the faithful that your beliefs and your convictions are the most important thing in the world.It teaches the faithful to find the right Imam and follow him.It teaches the faithful that helplessness and lack of power in this world do not mean a thing as long as one has chosen the right path and he/she is convinced that he/she is on the side of the truth.

When tents were burning in Karbala, Lady Zainab, Imam Husayn’s sister approached her 24 year old nephew, Imam Ali Zain Al-Abideen and asked him: “Nephew, you are our Imam now, what is your command about us, shall we all get burnt to death or save our lives and go out of the tents without our Hijab?”

IMAM ALI ZAIN AL-ABIDEEN REPLIED: “AUNT, SAVING YOUR LIFE IS OBLIGATORY, GO OUT AND SAVE YOURSELVES AND THE CHILDREN.”

The head coverings had already been looted from the heads of the ladies by the enemy soldiers. However, Lady Zainab is the grand-daughter of the Prophet of Islam; she is the daughter of Imam Ali and Lady Fatima. She did not need anyone else to tell her what the religious law was. She had grown up with Islam. By this one act, Lady Zainab showed to the world the importance of the Imam of the time. At the same time, Imam Ali Zain Al-Abideen’s reply showed that Islamic law is what it is, but common sense always prevails.

The Karbala shows us to strive against all imperial powers irrespective of Numerical strength taken into consideration.

THE HOLY QURAN ADVISES, “MAKE READY THEN AGAINST THEM WHAT FORCE YOU CAN, AND STRONG SQUADRONS WHEREBY YOU MAY STRIKE TERROR INTO THE ENEMY OF GOD AND YOUR ENEMY.” (08:60)

The writer is a Social and RTI Activist from Central Kashmir Ganderbal District , studying at Jamia Al Mustafa (s.a.w) International University Qom Iran.

By Javeed Ali

javeedaliofkashmir@gmail.com

The tragedy of Karbala that occurred fifty years after the death of the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) is a unique event of Islamic history—many dimensional and multi leveled. Just when the Muslim empire had reached almost its peak of glory, Imam Hussain (A.S.) the grandson of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) challenged not only the legitimacy of Yazid, the ruler of the Muslim empire but even the validity of that imperialist tyranny which was masquerading as Islamic State. And Hussain sealed his protest with his blood and the blood of the small number of his companions who fell fighting, under heaviest odds, against hordes of state mercenaries. He willingly suffered all those tyranny and persecution. The battle of Karbala was a clash not between personalities but between two principles; love of truth against lust for power; passion for justice against perversity of tyranny.

The movement of Imam Hussain (A.S.) was for the establishment of the truth and justice.

Imam Hussain (A.S.) said, “Indeed, I have risen up solely to seek the reform of the Ummah of my grandfather (PBUH). I want to command what is good and stop what is wrong”.

This sentence highlights the basic position of ‘enjoining the good and forbidding the evil’. Imam Hussain (A.S.) through this sentence expresses the pivotal role of ‘enjoining good and forbidding evil’ and conveys it as the final target of his uprising. The essence of enjoining good and forbidding evil is existing in all the religions of Abrahamic lineage and it has been an obligation for all the prophets and messengers, Imams and believers. It is not merely a matter of jurisprudential obligation, but in fact a standard and philosophy for sending divinely prophets; all this is because the material world is the place where vice and virtue, truth and falsehood, good and bad, darkness and light, excellence and lowliness get intermingled. Sometimes all this is intermixed in such a way that it becomes difficult to get them identified. , then follow, and act upon it. The divine religions are providing us an understanding about enjoining and forbidding, and in fact, (it provides understanding about) good and bad, truth and falsehood, darkness and light, excellence and lowliness, command us to perform the good, avoid bad and thus bestow us divine guidance towards the right path. For the importance of enjoining good and forbidding wrong, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) says, “One who enjoins good and forbids wrong is vicegerent of Allah, Book of Allah and the Messenger of Allah on the earth”.

Accordingly, the basic of enjoining good and forbidding evil is not particular to Imam Hussain (A.S.). Instead, it is an obligation for all prophets and messengers, pious people and believers. Since during the time of the Doyen of Martyrs Imam Hussain (A.S.), the good and evil were severely intermingled and the evil had attained currency in all the affairs. Goodness had been consigned to the oblivion and this was causing forgetfulness and negligence towards religion of Islam, the prophetic traditions. Therefore, Imam Hussain (A.S.) saw the possibility of revival and revitalization of traditions of Prophet of Allah (PBUH) and the religion of Islam and its defense in staging protest against the prevailing situation and in enjoining the good and forbidding evil. For this reason, he stated that by way of enjoining good and forbidding wrong he is going to rectify the Islamic society.

“Indeed, I have not risen to do mischief, neither as an adventurer, nor to cause corruption and tyranny. I have risen up solely to seek the reform of the Ummah of my grandfather (PBUH). I want to command what is good and stop what is wrong, and (in this) I follow the conduct of my grandfather and my father, Ali Ibn Ab Talib (A.S.).

While analyzing the event of Karbala and Ashura, different kinds of outcomes and results as well as lessons can be deduced. Among these teachings we can have the lessons of sacrifice, religiosity, valour, equality and equity, uprising for God, love and affection.

In every way the martyrdom of Imam Hussain (A.S.) is the Great Sacrifice for the humankind. The greatness of the sacrifice is judged by the gravity of the situation or the uniqueness of the circumstances in which it occurs and the extent to which it serves the purpose of Allah, that is, how far it carries the message in the forthcoming generations and its popularity with them. The sacrifice of Prophet Ibrahim (A.S.) and Prophet Ismail (A.S.) was only a trial and the reason why Allah willed it was to prove the great perseverance, strength of character and magnanimity of the Apostleships of Ibrahim (A.S.) and Ismail (A.S.) . Having fulfilled the command of Allah they proved to have the incredible virtues of piety to be the forefathers of the ones destined to offer the ‘GREAT SACRIFICE’. Besides, Allah wanted to ransom the sacrifice of Prophet Ismail (A.S.) and predict the imminent ‘GREAT SACRIFICE’.

When the day of Ashura dawned the situation was very critical for the religion of Islam. Imam Hussain (A.S.) stood as the successor and the representative of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH)-the Seal of all Prophets, while Yazid was asking him to swear allegiance of the pure Apostleships of all the 1,24,000 Prophets who had strived for the religion of Allah, to submit to him and his evil ways.

Imam Hussain (A.S.) was the testamentary trustee and the inheritor of the virtues of all the Prophets; while Yazid wanted to annihilate Islam by pressurizing such a personality like Imam Hussain (A.S.) to swear allegiance to an evil man like himself. It was the question of the life and death of the faith, Islam; while the efforts and strivings of all the Prophets depended on Imam Hussain (A.S.).

Thus in his valiant, undaunted stance Imam Hussain (A.S.) fearlessly gave away his brothers, sons, friends and companions and then his own life, but saved the religion of Islam and the strivings, hardships, work, labours and exertions of all the Prophets, thus reviving and rekindling the extinguishing embers of Islam and qualifying as ‘THE GREAT SACRIFICE’.

The Holy Quran says: “And the camels of sacrifice We have made for you among the Signs of Allah, for you in them is good, so mention the name of Allah on them….” (Al-Hajj:36)

In the above verse Allah says that the camels which are to be sacrificed in His name as an obligatory rite of Hajj are among His Signs to mankind, and for this reason they should be given due regard and respect. Relative to this fact, and more intense in its pinnacle of virtue and holiness is the regard to the Prophetic and Apostolic people who being the Signs of Allah sacrificed their all in the way of the Beneficent Lord to support and endorse His cause. Similar is the case of Imam Hussain (A.S.) and his faithful companions who sacrificed themselves in such a manner on the hot sands of Karbala to save Islam that their example has no parallel in the history of the world. Therefore, by the justice of the Book of Allah, they have every right and reason to be eulogized, remembered and their strivings respected and commemorated.

Imam Hussain (A.S.) is the benefactor of Humanity. The favours of Imam Hussain (A.S.) are not just limited to Muslims, Shias or Sunnis; in fact His (A.S.) favours are on the entire humanity. This is because if Imam Hussain (A.S.) would not have given these sacrifices, then there would have been no religion, no faith, no Islam. Hence there would have been neither Sunni nor Shia, everyone would have been non-religious, and there would be no such thing as religion left because the accursed beings of that era were not just planning to eradicate the Shia or Sunni values, they wanted to eradicate human values. If today we see a human (means a human with humanity) somewhere then that is the outcome of this great sacrifice of Imam Hussain (A.S.). It is all because of the sacrifices of the companions of Imam Hussain (A.S.) and Bani Hashim.

The important lesson that we need to imbibe from the event of Karbala was propagated by Syeda Zainab (S.A.), the granddaughter of Prophet Mohamamd (PBUH) and was beautifully summed up by revolutionary thinker Dr Ali Shariati.  The role of Syeda Zainab (S.A.) in the aftermath of Karbala is equally important, and that’s why Dr Ali Shariati calls Zainab ‘the saviour of humanity’. “Those who died committed a Hussaini act. Those who remain must perform a Zainabi act. Otherwise, they are Yazids,” says Shariati. One has to choose either blood or the message, to be a martyr like Hussain or messenger like Zainab.  Every revolution has two visages: blood and the message. Imam Hussain (A.S.) and his companions undertook the first mission, that of blood. The second mission is to carry the message of blood to the future generations, to be the eloquent tongue of this flowing blood. Commemorating Azadari (mourning) is to spread and propagate the message of Imam Hussain (A.S.) as was done by Syeda Zainab (S.A.).  Imam Khomeini (R.A.) has said: These tears terrify the enemies of Islam; because to cry for the oppressed is to speak up against the oppressor.

Eid-e-Ghadir, the day to unite Muslim Ummah
Javeed Ali
javeedaliofkashmir@gmail.com

• Ten years after the migration and on the last days of Dhu al-Qi’dah, Prophet of Islam (Pbuh) moved from Madinah to Makkah for Hajj. He only once attended Hajj rituals, a few months before his passing. Since this Hajj took place in the last year of his life, he made his farewells to people.
  The Messenger of Allah ((Pbuh) ordered his close followers to call all the people in different places to join him in his last Hajj pilgrimage. On this pilgrimage he taught them how to perform the pilgrimage in a correct and unified form.
  Hazrat Ali (AS) was in Yemen, preaching Islam. He moved towards Makkah together with his companions and joined Prophet (Pbuh) before rituals began.
  When the rituals of Hajj (Hajjatul-Wada’), were over, Prophet (Pbuh), accompanied by thousands of faithful, left Makkah for Madinah. This was the year 10 AH (coinciding with February 632).
  This was first time that the Muslims with this magnitude gathered in one place in the presence of their leader, the Messenger of Allah (Pbuh).
  On his way to Makkah, more than seventy thousand people followed Prophet (Pbuh).
  When Prophet accompanied by multitude of pilgrims reached a pond, called Ghadeer-e-Khumm (which is close to today’s al-Juhfah), on 18th of Zil-Hijjah of the year 10 AH, he ordered them to stop. It was a place where people from different provinces used to say good bye to each other before taking different routes for their homes.
  In this place, the following verse of the Qur’an was revealed:
  “O Apostle! Deliver what has been sent down to you from your Lord; and if you don’t do it, you have not delivered His message (at all); and Allah will protect you from the people …” (Qur’an 5:67)
  Upon receiving the verse, the Prophet (Pbuh) stopped at Khum which was extremely hot. Then he sent for all people who have been ahead in the way, to come back and waited until all pilgrims who fell behind, arrived and gathered. He ordered Salman al Farsi (RA) to use rocks and camel toolings to make a pulpit (minbar) so he could make his announcement. It was around noon time in the first of the fall, and due to the extreme heat in that Valley, people were wrapping their robes around their feet and legs, and were sitting around the pulpit, on the hot rocks.
  On this day the Messenger of Allah (Pbuh) spent approximately five hours in this place; three hours of which he was on the pulpit. He recited nearly one hundred verses from The glorious Quran, and for seventy three times reminded and warned people of their deeds and future. Then he gave them a long speech.
  The following is a part of his speech which has been widely narrated by both Shia & Sunni traditionists:
  The Messenger of Allah (SAWW) declared:
  “It seems the time approached when I shall be called away (by Allah) and I shall answer that call. I am leaving for you two precious things and if you adhere to them both, you will never go astray after me. They are the Book of Allah and my Progeny, that is my Ahlul Bayt. The two shall never separate from each other until they come to me by the Pool of Kausar.”
  Then the Messenger of Allah continued:
  “Do I not have more right over the believers than what they have over themselves?”
  People cried and answered:
  “Yes, O’ Messenger of God.”
  Then followed the key sentence denoting the clear designation of Hazrat Ali bin Abi Talib as his vicegerent. The Prophet (Pbuh) held up the hand of Ali and said:
  “For whoever I am his Leader (Mawla), ‘Ali is his Leader (Mawla).”
  In some narrations the word used was Wali rather than Mawla – with the same implication.
  The Prophet (Pbuh) continued:
  “O’ God, love those who love him, and be hostile to those who are hostile to him.”
  These were the key parts of the speech of the Prophet (SAWW). There are also more detailed versions of this sermon which are recorded by many authorities.
  Immediately after the Prophet (Pbuh) finished his speech, the following verse of the Qur’an was revealed:
  “Today I have perfected your religion and completed my favour upon you, and I was satisfied that Islam be your religion.” (Qur’an 5:3)
  After his speech, the Messenger of Allah (Pbuh) asked everybody to give the oath of allegiance to Ali (A.S.) and congratulate him. Among those who did so was ‘ Hazrat Umar b. al-Khattab (RA), who said:
  “Well done Ibn Abi Talib! Today you became the leader (Mawla) of all believing men and women.”
  Allah ordered His Prophet (Pbuh) to inform the people of this designation at a time of crowded populous so that all could become the narrators of the tradition, while they exceeded a hundred thousand.
  Narrated by Zayd b. Arqam: Abu al-Tufayl said: “I heard it from the Messenger of Allah (Pbuh), and there was no one (there) except that he saw him with his eyes and heard him with his ears.”
  Shia Muslims believe this to be the appointment of Ali as Imam of Muslims. Most Muslims accept the historicity of the event, but not all believe that this constituted an appointment of Ali as the successor to the Prophet. The day’s anniversary in the Islamic Calendar (18 Dhu al-Hijjah) is celebrated by Muslims as Eid al-Ghadeer.
  Eid of Ghadeer should be used to unite Muslim Ummah as the enemies of Islam are using the same day to create discord among the Muslim Ummah. It is crucial that people are able to approach these matters in a mature and respectful manner. Discussion and debate is healthy and it’s important that we are able to speak openly about differences between various schools of thought in Islam.
  This year the day was celebrated on 10th of September.