Modi Lead NDA in Power With A Stunning Opposition

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Modi Led NDA In Power with A Stunning Opposition
By Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee

The 73-year-old Narendra Modi now reliant on the NDA’s smaller parties is set to be India’s Prime Minister for a third time, after a debacle in the 2024 Loksabha election results which saw his majority slashed by a resurgent opposition.His own party fell short of the 272 needed to form the government.Mr Modi is likely to be sworn in for a record-equalling third term .Mr Modi and his Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won 240 seats following the weeks-long, seven-stage election, making them the largest party in the Lok Sabha, But it is a significantly reduced number for the prime minister: in 2019, the BJP won 303 seats, and Mr Modi had said he was aiming for 370 seats this time round.Instead, they are now forced to rely on NDA partners to to form the government . It is true that the NDA MPs “unanimously” chose Modi as their leader.It is the first time Modi will govern in coalition without his party having an outright majority, and it is unclear what the next five years will look like.But one thing is clear that this new ‘Modification’ will bring more democracy and a healthy parliament, Already Modi is seen bowing to the Constitution and speaking of tolerance and good governance with respect to all religion and diverse opinion
According to the Congress “This is a mandate in defence of the Constitution of India and against price rise, unemployment, and crony capitalism and also to save democracy,” Indian election is the largest the world has ever seen. More 66% of the country’s eligible voters from the billion people who had registered to vote in total – about one in eight of the global population participated in the election.Voting was staggered over seven rounds between 19 April and 1 June for security and logistical reasons. Much of the election took place in extreme and deadly heat as temperatures in parts of India soared to nearly 50C. But voters responded to the EVM . Earlier the Opposition criticized the impartiality of the EVM and they even pursued the issue to the Supreme Court. Finally it is proved that the Election has been free and fair leaving aside a few sporadic incidents of violence in Bengal and other states.

Nehru was India’s first and longest-serving Prime Minister, who led the country from 1947 until he died in 1964 serving three terms at a stretch . . He was instrumental in modern India’s development, having started several major initiatives that included big businesses, dams, and the growth of science education. Indira Gandhi was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India from 1966 to 1977 and again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. Atal Bihari Vajpayee was an Indian politician and poet who served three terms as the 10th Prime Minister of India, first for a term of 13 days in 1996, then for a period of 13 months from 1998 to 1999, followed by a full term from 1999 Narendra Modi, who got re-elected as prime minister of India for the third consecutive time, was elected to the office for the first time in 2014.
This time it is not Modi government , nor is it going to be a BJP government. It is NDA government which means a coalition government and after being chosen Modi himself repeatedly spoke of NDA and praised the longevity of the Coalition .The debacle of BJP is described by Modi as ‘ Mahavijay’ for the coalition. Now every mind is having doubts about the success of coalition this time when BJP has to depend on two very unreliable partners like Chandrababu Naidu and Nitish Kumar who are already waiting with a long list of demands though in public they say that their support is unconditional. The first time that Independent India saw parties stitching up a coalition government at the Centre in 1977, right after the Emergency. Eleven parties, including the Bharatiya Jana Sangh — predecessor of the BJP — came together to form the Janata government. How Vajpayee managed Mamata Banerjee in his cabinet is a text-book example of coalition management..In 73 years of India’s electoral history, beginning 1951 when the first elections were held, the country has 32 years of coalition government. In contrast, it has seen 31 years of majoritarian government, including 10 years under Prime Minister Narendra Modi Modi Government or BJP Governerment are now a matter of the past. Now NDA government is poised to be in power with Narendra Modi to lead a coalition government. Modi said that in the last ten years till today Congress has not been able to cross the limit of 100 seats. Rahul Gandhi’s pada yatra yielded dividends . He looks more mature and he in spite of his historic win from two seats from UP and Karnataka is not in a position to get projected as Prime Minister. TMC does not want him to be the Prime Minister Abhishek Banerjee even after the INDIA bloc meeting after the election results tried to create a non-Congress coalition within the coalition by individually meeting leaders like Akhilesh Yadav Raghav Chadda and Uddhav Thakre. Rahul wanted to win . The country wanted him to win . But Rahul Gandhi failed to win. The opposition won a total of 232 seats out of 543. Though Congress doubled its strength from the last election it is still falling far short to pitch the demand for the formation of government. They are now waiting for the right moment which they feel will come in near future. Ashoke Baghel said that the Na Na Na government will fall in the next six months and interim poll will be held. Modi explained NDA as New India , Developed India and Aspirational India which the Opposition mocked as Nitish –Naidu India Alliance. . It is true that Opposition is more resilient and confident in the Lok Sabha and this will strengthen Indian Democracy But the big question is whether Rahul will be getting a chance for the post of Opposition leader . This is the big problem for the opposition which is not united till today. Most of these parties are alleged to be corrupted and legal charges are there against many of their main leaders. Some are surprised why TMC get the landslide victory in West Bengal . One basic reason is the Lakshmi Bhandar for the women and the muslim minority depended more on TMC for their security as Modi’s campaign beginning with Jai Sri Ram slogan affected his credibility as a Hindu moshiha . There are other issues like the 100 Days Abash Yojana fund unreleased by the Centre and TMC from their own fund provided money to the bank account of the poor. In UP also the Dalit votes and Muslim votes slashed the Modi Guarantee. In Faisabad District where the Ram Temple was built , BJP candidate was defeated. Jai Sri Ram Slogan is now forgotten by Modi. He is now shouting Jai Jagannath more than Jai Sri Ram. He is now the leader of NDA , NDA leader of the Sansad and the leader for the PM post. But still there is some uncertainty. Farmer leader Charan Singh then became the Prime Minister with the support of Indira Gandhi’s Congress. However, Indira pulled the rug from under Charan Singh’s feet just after 23 days. Such is the risk of running a coalition government.Indira Gandhi returned to power in 1980, and remained India’s Prime Minister till her assassination in 1983.
The historic mandate under Rajiv Gandhi that the Congress received would be the pinnacle for the Congress. The party’s seats just went downhill from there. Earlier Lok Sabha election saw BJP winning 315 seats. But this time ,the NDA has returned to power for a historic third straight term at the Centre, but the BJP itself has fallen short of the majority mark of 272. That implies Modi and his BJP will have to continue with an uncertainty and cannot take any decision so easily or pass a bill too without consulting the coalition partners who are nearly opposite to their political philosophy on various issues. Already there is a big question raised for reviewing Agnipath and Agniveer projects. The demand for giving special status for AP and Bihar has been lodged. Other states will not sit silent when Modi himself said that he will remember his liability as a leader to all states of Bharat and the Constitution . Since 1991, when India was forced to open up its economy and give up on the planned economy model, all governments were coalitions of the sort where even the lead party was quite far from the majority mark of 272. This obvious weakness of the leading party — be it the Congress or the BJP or the so-called third front — meant that India always had “a strong consensus for weak reforms”.For a decade Narendra Modi has driven India’s economy with force, making it the fastest growing among the major economies and well on its way to become the world’s third largest. This has happened on the back of reforms as well as policy dynamism. The pre-poll coalition is considered advantageous as it provides a common platform for all parties to woo the electorate on the basis of a joint manifesto. A post-election union is intended to enable constituents to share political power and run the government.Here both NDA and INDIA blocs are pre- poll coalitions though TMC fought the poll all alone and till today they are trying to avoid Congress for emerging as the real Congress from which they are born. These kind of attempts will make the Opposition fractured and NDA will get a mileage .
Dr.Ratan Bhattacharjee is Affiliate Faculty Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond USA. Email bhattacharjr@vcu.edu

Education is a Vital Player

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Education is a vital pillar
: By Syed Irfan Hashmi
“Education is the foundation of all we do in life. It shapes who we are and what we aspire to be.” –
Education is indeed a crucial factor in determining the development and progress of a country. It plays a fundamental role in shaping individuals, fostering innovation and creativity, promoting economic growth, and building a skilled workforce. Here are some key reasons why education is considered a vital source for a country to become a superpower:
1. Human Capital Development: Education equips individuals with the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to contribute effectively to the workforce and society. A well-educated population can drive innovation, productivity, and economic growth, thereby enhancing a country’s competitiveness on the global stage.
2. Innovation and Research: Education fosters a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship by encouraging critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity. Countries with strong educational systems are better positioned to lead in research, technology, and scientific advancements, which are essential for becoming a superpower.
3. Global Competitiveness: A highly educated workforce enhances a country’s global competitiveness by attracting investment, fostering international collaborations, and driving technological advancements. Education is a key driver of economic development and can significantly impact a country’s position in the global economy.
4. Social Development and Stability: Education promotes social development, inclusivity, and equality by providing opportunities for all individuals to reach their full potential. Countries that invest in education often experience greater social cohesion, stability, and progress, which are essential for long-term growth and sustainability.
5. Good Governance and Leadership: A well-educated population is more likely to participate in democratic processes, hold leaders accountable, and contribute to effective governance. Education plays a crucial role in developing informed and engaged citizens who can drive positive social change and progress.
6. Adaptability and Resilience: Education prepares individuals to adapt to changing circumstances, acquire new skills, and navigate complex challenges. In a rapidly evolving world, countries with a strong educational foundation are better equipped to respond to disruptions, seize opportunities, and thrive in dynamic environments.
While education is a vital pillar for a country’s progress and potential as a superpower, it is important to recognize that other factors such as economic policies, infrastructure development, innovation ecosystems, healthcare systems, and geopolitical dynamics also play significant roles. A holistic approach that addresses multiple aspects of societal development is essential for a country to realize its full potential and aspire to superpower status.
It’s true also that a significant portion of the Indian population sends their children to government schools due to various reasons, including financial constraints and the availability of free education. Improving the quality of education in government schools is indeed essential for the overall development and progress of the nation. Here are some key areas that could be focused on to upgrade the education system in government schools in India:
1. Teacher Training and Development : Invest in comprehensive training programs for teachers to enhance their skills, knowledge, and teaching methodologies. Continuous professional development can help teachers stay updated with the latest educational practices.
2. Infrastructure Development: Improve the infrastructure of government schools by providing better classroom facilities, libraries, laboratories, and sports amenities. Access to clean water, sanitation facilities, and a safe learning environment is crucial.
3. Curriculum Enhancement: Review and update the curriculum to make it more relevant, practical, and aligned with the needs of the 21st century. Introduce subjects that focus on critical thinking, problem-solving, and digital literacy.
4. Technology Integration: Incorporate technology into teaching and learning processes to make education more interactive and engaging. Provide access to computers, tablets, and the internet to enhance digital literacy among students.
5. Parental Involvement: Encourage parental involvement in the education system by organizing workshops, meetings, and feedback sessions. Collaboration between parents, teachers, and school administrators can significantly enhance the overall learning experience for students.
6. Quality Assurance and Monitoring: Implement robust systems for monitoring and evaluating the performance of government schools. Regular assessments, feedback mechanisms, and quality assurance protocols can help identify areas for improvement and ensure accountability.
7. Inclusive Education: Ensure that government schools are inclusive and cater to the needs of all students, including those with disabilities or special learning requirements. Implement policies that promote diversity, equity, and inclusivity in the education system.
8. Career Guidance and Skill Development: Provide career guidance and skill development programs to help students explore their interests, talents, and potential career paths. Equip students with practical skills that are relevant to the job market.
By focusing on these areas and implementing targeted reforms, the education system in government schools in India can be upgraded to meet the evolving needs of students and society. Investing in education is crucial for nation-building and ensuring a brighter future for the next generation.

Emerald Nation: India’s Journey Towards Environmental Resilience

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Emerald Nation: India’s Journey Towards Environmental Resilience
By Jannat Un Nisa
India, often referred to as an “Emerald Nation,” is on a journey towards environmental resilience amid myriad challenges. With a rich tapestry of biodiversity, vibrant ecosystems, and a burgeoning population, the country stands at a critical juncture where balancing development imperatives with environmental sustainability is imperative for future generations.
At the heart of India’s environmental narrative lies a paradoxical tale of rapid economic growth juxtaposed against escalating environmental degradation. The nation’s burgeoning industries, burgeoning urbanization, and expanding agricultural footprint have exacted a toll on its natural resources, air quality, and biodiversity. However, amidst these challenges, India has embarked on a multifaceted journey towards environmental resilience, driven by policy interventions, grassroots movements, and technological innovations.
One of the pivotal pillars of India’s environmental resilience journey is policy reform. Over the years, the Indian government has enacted a slew of environmental regulations and initiatives aimed at mitigating pollution, conserving biodiversity, and promoting sustainable development. The introduction of landmark legislations such as the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, and the Wildlife Protection Act signify the country’s commitment to environmental stewardship. Furthermore, initiatives like the National Clean Air Program and the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan underscore India’s resolve to tackle pressing environmental challenges head-on.
Moreover, India’s journey towards environmental resilience is intricately intertwined with grassroots movements and community engagement. Across the length and breadth of the country, grassroots organizations, civil society groups, and local communities are spearheading initiatives aimed at conservation, afforestation, and sustainable resource management. From the Chipko Movement in the Himalayas to the revival of traditional water harvesting techniques in drought-prone regions, these grassroots efforts epitomize the spirit of environmental activism and resilience ingrained in the fabric of Indian society.
Furthermore, technological innovation is playing a pivotal role in augmenting India’s environmental resilience efforts. The country is increasingly embracing renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Initiatives like the International Solar Alliance, launched by India in collaboration with France, exemplify the nation’s commitment to harnessing clean energy technologies for a sustainable future. Additionally, advancements in wastewater treatment, waste management, and precision agriculture are revolutionizing resource utilization and environmental conservation practices across various sectors.
Despite these commendable strides, India’s journey towards environmental resilience is fraught with challenges and complexities. Rapid urbanization, industrial expansion, and unsustainable agricultural practices continue to exert pressure on the country’s natural ecosystems. Moreover, climate change-induced phenomena such as erratic weather patterns, rising temperatures, and extreme weather events pose unprecedented challenges to India’s environmental resilience efforts. Addressing these challenges necessitates concerted efforts, innovative solutions, and collaborative action at the national, regional, and global levels.
In conclusion, India’s journey towards environmental resilience is a testament to the nation’s unwavering commitment to safeguarding its natural heritage and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come. Through policy reform, grassroots mobilization, and technological innovation, India is charting a course towards a greener, cleaner, and more resilient future. However, the road ahead is fraught with challenges, and concerted efforts from all stakeholders are indispensable to navigate the complexities of environmental stewardship in the 21st century. As the Emerald Nation charts its course towards sustainability, it serves as an inspiring beacon of hope and resilience for the global community in the face of escalating environmental crises.
Jannat un nisa is a student in Sri Pratap ( SP) College Srinagar

Debunking Myths and Exploring realities of Diabetes Reversibility

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Debunking Myths and Exploring Realities of Diabetes Reversibility
Authored by  Dr Mohammad Hayat  and Dr Saima farooq
Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, has emerged as a global health crisis of monumental proportions. Its prevalence has reached unprecedented levels, with millions of individuals grappling with its consequences worldwide. To begin with, it is crucial to understand the essence of diabetes and its underlying mechanisms. Diabetes mellitus encompasses a spectrum of disorders characterized by inadequate insulin production, impaired insulin action, or both, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, necessitating lifelong insulin replacement therapy. Conversely, type 2 diabetes typically manifests due to a combination of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity, sedentary behaviour, and poor dietary choices. While the management of diabetes primarily focuses on control and prevention of complications, a pressing question looms large in the minds of both patients and healthcare professionals alike: Is diabetes reversible?
This question has ignited vigorous debates, driven by a multitude of contradictory information, misunderstandings, and optimistic stories.
DIABETES REMISSION – First, the term ‘reversal’ of diabetes is scientifically incorrect; the appropriate term is ‘remission’ of diabetes. Remission’ means not having an active disease, with the implication that neither symptoms nor new complications should develop. American Diabetes Association (ADA) defines type 2 diabetes mellitus remission as having an HBA1C lower than 6.5% measured at least three months after cessation of glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy (at least 6 months after starting a lifestyle intervention)”. This remission can be achieved through significant lifestyle changes, including weight loss, dietary modifications, and increased physical activity.
BARIATRIC SURGERY IN DIABETES REMISSION -While bariatric surgery can lead to diabetes remission in many cases, it’s not a guaranteed outcome for everyone. Success depends on various factors including the type of surgery, individual health status, and adherence to post-operative lifestyle changes. Weight loss is a significant factor, but bariatric surgery also triggers changes in gut hormones such as GLP-1, which enhance insulin secretion and improve blood sugar regulation.it also results in metabolic adaptations that promote glucose utilization and reduce excess glucose production by the liver, contributing to better blood sugar levels. that directly impact diabetes. These changes improve insulin sensitivity and glucose control, contributing to diabetes remission. Studies show that diabetes remission post-bariatric surgery can be sustained long-term, especially with ongoing lifestyle modifications. While relapse is possible, many individuals experience lasting benefits in glycemic control and reduced reliance on diabetes medications. Like any surgery, bariatric procedures carry risks, but for many individuals with severe obesity and poorly controlled diabetes, the benefits outweigh the risks. Bariatric surgery can significantly improve quality of life and reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications.
Diabetes remission, achieved through interventions like bariatric surgery or lifestyle changes, may not always be sustainable due to various factors. Firstly, the underlying mechanisms causing diabetes, such as genetic predisposition or pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, may persist despite initial remission. Additionally, relapse can occur if individuals revert to unhealthy habits, such as poor diet and sedentary lifestyle, leading to weight regain and worsening insulin resistance. Furthermore, aging, stress, and other health conditions can exacerbate metabolic dysfunction, increasing the risk of diabetes recurrence. Therefore, maintaining long-term diabetes remission requires ongoing commitment to healthy behaviors and regular monitoring to address potential risk factors and ensure optimal metabolic health.
IS DIABETES REVERSIBLE? The word ‘reversal’ seems to be used very loosely next to diabetes, and that’s not an accurate way to look at it, the phrase “diabetes reversal” may be familiar to you. Can the illness be “reversed” in reality, though? “The definition of “reversal” in the dictionary is “a change in an opposite direction, position, or course of action or back to a former state,” hence the term itself is misleading. Recently, this has seemed to be used very haphazardly about diabetes, which is not a realistic way to look at it.
For what reason is it inaccurate? For “diabetes reversal,” stopping the medication would mean that the patient would no longer have the illness. Unfortunately, many patients rarely experience this situation in real life. Granted that a small percentage of patients, such as those with prediabetes, can “reverse” their diseases for an extended length of time (if they keep a healthy lifestyle), individuals with chronic, long-term diabetes sometimes struggle to even continue taking the lower dosages of insulin. The term “reversal” may refer to nothing more than “better control and management initially, then gradually tapering off medications, to finally try and take them off with further work aimed at a situation where you do not go back to medications.” We can probably declare that type 2 diabetes has been reversed if the patient can maintain this condition of not using any medications and their blood reports remain within normal ranges for five years.
Here are some myths and facts about diabetes reversal that you must know-
MYTH 1- Joining a program can help you reverse type 2 diabetes in 6-8 weeks-
FACT – Diabetes reversal programs have generated a lot of buzz in recent months, particularly from sponsored advertisements during well-known interviews on social media.
Something like this seems impossible to believe. However, individuals believe it because they are desperate to get rid of the ailment and will go to any length to find a ray of hope, making it risky. Fad diets, or even severe diets, can result in improved blood tests and weight loss (4-5 kgs per month). However, this rapid transition might lead to further problems later in life, such as chronic deficits.
Patients are also weaned off of their medications while they are on the program because their blood reports appear to be improving. However, when the program concludes and the individuals who are unable to maintain the adjustments experience a spike in their blood sugar levels. As a result, the patient experiences the greatest amount of suffering on many levels, and what at first seemed to be a glimmer of hope for the patient ultimately turns out to be a ray of devastation.
MYTH 2- Reverse your diabetes by fasting-
FACT -This could be an exaggeration rather than a myth. Fasting makes sense because you’ll consume less food overall (less than 12 hours; you’ll likely skip one large meal). During the fasting phase, one will first lose weight and have some relaxation in the pancreas and stomach. Fasting is a long-standing custom that can be beneficial when followed. It relies on several factors, including the individual’s diabetes, insulin dosage, coexisting medical problems, and blood sugar fluctuations. Consuming “anything and everything” or two kilograms of fruit during mealtime is not advised because these behaviors won’t be effective. Also, be cautious of your gut, muscle, and even metabolism if you are fasting consistently for weeks or months at a time. These aspects can all deteriorate. The general health of the patient should improve when fasting is utilized as one of the strategies for improved diabetes management under the proper supervision.
MYTH 3-Reverse type 2 diabetes by avoiding carbohydrates, fruits, and sugar-
FACT- Low-carbohydrate diets can be effective for managing diabetes by helping to regulate blood sugar levels and promote weight loss. However, they are not a cure for diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic condition that requires lifelong management, including medication, lifestyle modifications, and regular monitoring of blood sugar levels. Low-carb diets should be adopted as part of a comprehensive diabetes management plan under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Reversing diabetes is extremely unlikely, aside from the nutritional advantages they will be missing out on. Refined carbs and sugar, found in cakes, pastries, sodas, and even packaged foods, are the main cause of issues like inflammation and insulin resistance. Although it varies from person to person, fruits and grains can raise blood sugar levels. well sugars are controlled if they are balanced with fiber, proteins, and fats. Thus, consider including a balanced meal instead of going overboard and cutting everything (which again becomes tough to continue). This will not only help your blood sugar levels but also enhance your general health
MYTH 4- Because diabetes runs in my family, can’t cut back on my medication or stop taking it entirely-
FACT -A person’s predisposition to diabetes is greatly influenced by their family history, particularly if both parents have the disease. However, it is not the sole cause of diabetes. Actually, what eventually causes you to develop diabetes is your lifestyle—the daily routines you repeat over time. Thus, you may also need to be more careful and self-sufficient. Despite the family history, one can hope to observe a decrease in the amount of medications if done consistently. Naturally, prevention or delay is preferable than reversal, so if people adopt a more sustainable and healthful lifestyle, they can avoid diabetes for a longer period of time or, in the event that they do get it, manage it with fewer medications. Increased control can also lessen the likelihood of problems.
MYTH 5 -There is no way I can reverse the diabetes if I start taking medication or insulin-
 FACT -I think it’s important to dispel this myth as quickly as possible. Certainly, the management of diabetes typically involves a combination of lifestyle modifications, medication, and/or insulin therapy to achieve and maintain optimal blood glucose levels. While these interventions are crucial for controlling the condition and preventing complications, it’s important to understand that they do not offer a guaranteed route to reversing diabetes. The medication will not receive the necessary support if the patient declines to make simple lifestyle adjustments like improving their diet, exercising frequently, getting enough sleep, and controlling their stress. When it comes to managing their blood sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), about 60% of people with established diabetes still require medication in addition to lifestyle changes. These medications must, however, be secure and ideally safeguarding for the kidneys, heart, and vascular structure. In spite of excellent blood sugar management, diabetics frequently experience heart attacks, heart failure, strokes, and renal failure. These complications are particularly common in long-term patients.
 The choice of drugs is thus very important for improving the condition of diabetic patients both with and without established vascular and renal complications. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a disease caused by the lack of insulin. Thus, Insulin is the main treatment agent for type 1 and is typically administered via subcutaneous injection. There are several types of insulin available nowadays. These diabetics are insulin-dependent throughout their lives.
Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, is diagnosed in adulthood and is because of a deficiency of insulin. These individuals are often obese with a family history of diabetes, it is the most common type of diabetes . Many of them need agents other than insulin to both control blood sugar levels and reduce vascular complications. There are several agents available for this purpose.. These drugs work in multiple ways:. Treatments include agents that (1) increase the amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas, (2) increase the sensitivity of target organs to insulin, (3) decrease the rate at which glucose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and (4) increase the loss of glucose through urination. 5) They slow the movement of food through the stomach and reduce appetite.
 Metformin, a biguanide, has become the most commonly used agent for type 2 diabetics. Among common diabetic drugs, Metformin is the only widely used oral drug that does not cause weight gain.
The new therapeutic targets, in fact, are no longer simply glycemic control, the reduction in glycated Hb (HbA1c), or minimization of the hypoglycemic risk. Instead, they are now increasingly oriented toward reducing the cardiovascular risk (CVR) and the overall mortality of diabetic patients, thus moving away from a glucocentric toward a cardio-metabolic approach. Such ambitious goals are currently achievable by these  two classes of new antidiabetic drugs, i.e., sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA)
SGLT2 (sodium glucose cotransporter-2) inhibitors: Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin and ertugliflozin. The  metabolic effect of these gliflozins is to inhibit reabsorption of glucose in the kidney and therefore lower blood sugar. Apart from blood sugar control, gliflozins have been shown to provide significant cardiovascular benefit in people with type 2 diabetes. studies have shown that  canagliflozin, was found to enhance blood sugar control as well as reduce body weight and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.. It is recommended that all type 2 diabetics take these agents unless there is a urinary or genital infection that can be aggravated because of the excretion of sugar through urine.
GLP1 (glucagon-like peptides 1) agonists- these agents benefit by delaying gastric emptying and inhibit inappropriate post meal glucagon release ,thus the risk of hypoglycemia is low . In terms of cardiovascular effects, GLP-1 agonists can improve left ventricular ejection fraction, myocardial contractility, coronary blood flow, cardiac output, and endothelial function while reducing infarction size and overall risks for a cardiovascular event. Besides reducing vascular issues and sugar levels, these drugs also reduce body weight significantly. They are typically administered via subcutaneous injection.Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, Dulaglutide, and other once-weekly alternatives have recently been available as well . Following groundbreaking research, an oral preparation of semaglutide has been created to enable the delivery of a protein in a pill. Rybelsus is the oral version of this.
MYTH 6-  Skipping a meal can control sugar levels –
Fact: “Another misconception among diabetics is that if they don’t eat a meal, their sugar levels will get controlled and they won’t require medicines, while the fact is once the sugar levels are high, skipping meals is not the way to treat it. The total calorie intake of the day is important rather than just avoiding carbohydrates and maintaining a diet hygiene is more fruitful,”
MYTH 7- My sugar levels have always been on the higher side for years but it’s ok since I don’t have any symptoms-
Fact: “Diabetes unfortunately does not manifest with overt symptoms unless severe and late in the course. Early diagnosis and sticking to FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar) of 80 to 120 and PPBS of 140 to 180 with appropriate antidiabetic agents saves heart, kidney, retina, nerves and various other organs,”
MYTH 8: I don’t need to take medicines as my blood sugar levels are in control for a long time now-
Fact: “Majority of patients stop taking their prescribed medicines once sugar is controlled thinking they no longer require it while the fact is that the sugar is controlled because of the medicine and as soon as they stop the treatment, sugar levels start increasing again,”
MYTH 9: I don’t need to check sugar levels frequently as they are generally in control-
Fact: Diabetes is a progressive disease. The medicines and doses that worked for you before may not work now. Even if sugars are well controlled at least once a week checking of FBS/PPBS with a glucometer is important. Meet your diabetologist at least once in 60 days. Your doctor needs to check end-organ damage if it has started like kidney disease, neuropathy, heart disease retinopathy etc.
CONCLUSION –
In conclusion, dispelling myths surrounding diabetes irreversibility requires a fundamental shift in mindset. It’s time for individuals to discard doubts and take ownership of their health journey. By actively engaging with healthcare professionals, adopting healthy lifestyle practices, and embracing emerging medical advancements, we can pave the way for a future where diabetes reversal is not just a possibility, but a tangible reality. Let’s seize this opportunity to rewrite the narrative of diabetes management, empowering individuals to reclaim control over their health and unlock the potential for a brighter, healthier tomorrow.

Protecting fundamental freedoms is vital for maintaining a fair and equitable society

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 Protecting fundamental freedoms is vital for maintaining a fair and equitable society.

Rameez Bhat

ramizspeaks77@gmail.com

The core importance of human freedom is greatly enhanced by the practical effectiveness of specific freedoms in promoting others. This is because the connections between different types of freedoms are based on evidence of cause and effect, rather than being inherent or compositional. For example, economic and political freedoms tend to support each other rather than clash. Likewise, social opportunities such as education and healthcare complement individual opportunities for economic and political participation, fostering people’s ability to overcome their respective challenges.

The Urdu saying “Khali Paet to ibadat bee Nahi Hoti” succinctly captures this idea, emphasising that essential human activities like ensuring basic sustenance cannot be subordinated to political goals. Hunger doesn’t wait for political outcomes, and patients can’t delay healthcare until certain political objectives are achieved. Human activities must continue alongside political processes; halting essential activities for political reasons goes against common sense and falsely pits one freedom against another.

Any movement for political freedom must recognize and support all other freedoms and liberties people already possess. While occasional strategic maneuvers may be permissible for tactical reasons, undermining the support base of the general public is counterproductive. Freedom, as understood by the masses, entails the removal of constraints on existing freedoms, with movements striving to eliminate “unfreedoms” such as poverty and tyranny.

A brief analysis of the situation in Kashmir reveals that both sides have encroached upon the basic freedoms of the common people. Governments are culpable for tyranny and repression, while opposing forces have restricted people’s mobility, economic opportunities, and access to healthcare and education. Unfortunately, political discourse often disguises self-interest as popular demand, furthering agendas at the expense of elementary freedoms for many.

Both sides must recognize that the lack of substantive freedoms directly contributes to economic poverty, denying people the freedom to satisfy basic needs, seek medical treatment, or access education. Similarly, violations of freedom stem from the denial of political and civil liberties through authoritarian measures and restrictions on participation in society’s life.

In light of these considerations, political leaders—both the establishment and opposition—must prioritize restoring elementary freedoms to the people. Only then can they expect to garner support for broader political objectives, which they often promise but fail to deliver amidst ongoing conflicts.

In conclusion, safeguarding fundamental freedoms is not only a moral imperative but also a pragmatic necessity for building and sustaining a fair and equitable society. These freedoms underpin democratic governance, human rights, individual dignity, social cohesion, and economic prosperity.

 

Rabindranath in his Heart : International Tagore Award for Ratan Bhattacharjee  

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Rabindranath in his Heart : International Tagore Award for Ratan Bhattacharjee 
                                       Dr. Daniela Rogeobete
All his life being an admirer of Tagore and of his poetry and philosophy as a World Poet , Dr Ratan Bhattacharjee himself is a globe trotting academician  who won both  International Tagore Award 2024 and Bhanu Singh Award 2024 and saw Tagore mainly as a Lover of Humanity and World Peace. Dr. Bhattacharjee focused on these aspects of Tagore in the  Special lecture delivered  in Farirleigh Dickinson University on ‘Love Poetry of Tagore and Whiman’ which was much appreciated in the Pre-Covid days .Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee  read Tagore’s  Red Oleander but he himself wrote more than 150 love poems only on Oleander , a floral image he chose as a postcolonial alternative image and for this The Statesman in a review described him as ‘Oleander poet’. However he loved fiction no less .Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee mused deeply on Tagore’s ideal of Education in ‘West Bengal ‘ and Yuba Manas ‘ and also in the Dainik Basumati paper. His book on Tagore’s Love poetry is coming soon from Patridge in 2025. His nearly 2000 poems of love both published and unpublished bear some influence  of Tagore and Neruda  and no less  so of Lorca. Dr. Ratan believed in Tagore’s concept of love .At present a senior columnist  and Affiliate Faculty of English, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond USA, Dr Ratan Bhattacharjee   has been selected for the  International Tagore Award by  DRDC, approved by the Ministry of India. DRDC is   the first Inter-Government Organisation and world’s first organization which is promoting entrepreneurship, Research & innovation, worldwide in a new way. Dr Bhattacharjee  also won the Bhanu Singh Award 2024 from   The Global Nation media house from Bangladesh.  Poems of Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee are being published for decades in Germany Phillipines Italy  USA , and many African and Arab countries poems are translated into Lebanese Italian French  His first poem appears as early as 2005  in  online sites of the social media and blogs  and over there he started writing pictorial poems  on Love and Nature . Later he compiled some of them in Melodyand Maladies . Cyberwit Allahabad inspired him to publish his first  book of poem The Ballad of the Bleeding Bubbles  which was translated into Assamese as Raktakta Burburanir Malita jointly  by Mr Utpal Datta ,famous writer and film director cum Deputy Director Guwahati Akashvani and Prof Karabi Hazarika of Naharkatia College Assam That was a huge inspiration for being connected to Assamese writers and poets.Legendary poet Jayanta Mahapatra released his book in Pondicherry. Later Akademi Awardee poet amd editor Anuradha Sarma Pujari published my Assamess poem in Sadin. Legendary Homen Borgohain actually inspired me over the phone to contribute to Niyamiya Barta . He started writing in Amar Asom ,Dainik Janambhoomi , and  Sadin. Mr Samdeep Sarma of Eastern Chronicle and Mr Rameswar Chouhan made me a regular contributor to Hills Times Patricia Mukhim persuaded me to write for Shillong Times and PJ Baruah published number of articles in The Assam Tribune  and now inspired by Smita Bhattacharya i am a regular writer of The Sentinel Saturday Fare and Sunday supplement Melange . All these developed his  love for Assam and its literature besides my writings in Bengali Aajkal Puber Kalom and Dainik Statesman
Travelling is his most favourite hobby and now universities in India and USA are inviting him for lectures on Promotion of Indian and American literature nearly every fortnight. Tagore’s poetry always inspired Dr Ratan as a poet and educationist. Tagore’s poetry primarily deals with love – love for humanity, love for divinity and love for nature. His early poetry is concerned with man’s love for  woman but his later poetry is mainly concerned with man’s love and longing for God’s beauty and love. Dr.Ratan subscribes to this poetic philosophy of Tagore and the award goes to him in this year. Tagore’s Red Oleander inspired him though his best seller Oleander Blooms is uniquely different from Tagore’s writings. He used the floral image of Oleander with a postcolonial motif and as a new alternative to Rose. Anthony Johae ,,Shakepeare Professor  of Essex university wrote in his Preface to the book that Oleander reveals the dialectics of joy and sorrow associated with love. The trajectory of love as blissful and  love as  poisonous is focused in the bouquet of love poems on Oleander. Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee  is fond  of  Keats’s worship of Beauty and Tagore too mentions Keatsian worship of Beauty. Like Shelley and Tagore , for  Dr.Ratan love is a basic principle of the universe.  His poems on this theme are published regularly in Saturno  from  Italy Global Nation and Kavya Kishore International from Bangladesh Raven Cage  from Germany . His poems  on Nature are published in Friendship of People from Tazakistan Antology from italy Summer Nights from Ohio and Orfeus .He is nominated as  international judge in Passion Of Poetry from Philippines.
All  through a poet , Dr. Bhattacharjee’s forte however  is his academic potentiality. Dr.Ratan  is a voracious reader and loved to teach  Shelley and Keats , Lorca and Neruda  in his long 40 year teaching career. Che Guevara also inspired him. Picasso and Beethoven are his good pastime. He loved to read ghost and detective books of Byomkesh, Swapan Kumar, Satyajit Roy and Nihar Ranjan.Basically a student of Calcutta University  he passed from Scottish Church College and then in University of Kolkata .He was formerly Associate Professor & Chair  Post Graduate Deot of English Dum Dum Motijheel College and also simultaneously  a Trilingual Columnist cum Poet . He is the Author of Six Feet Distance : Looking Back to Lockdown (AuthorHouse Bloomington USA ) Francis Scott Fitzgerald:His Art and Vision (Patridge Singapore ) Thr Ballad of the Bleeding Bubbles : Melodies and Maladies of Love  ( Cyberwit Allahabad) Oleander Blooms :A Bouquet of Oleander Poems of Love  (Authors Press New Delhi) Theodore Dreiser Going Beyond Naturalism  ( INSC ) Renee Rudhagnee (Authors Press) Our Daughter , Our Princess (Authors Press New Delhi) . He edited Journals Literary Confluence and Voice of Indian English Writers. He pioneered some ideas of Fourth World Literature in India  and worked as Resource Person in a number of International Conferences  on Gender Studies, Post Colonial and American literature in the country and abroad   . His Collected works Vol I (Patridge) and Our Time Revisited : a Collection of Essays on Man Literature and Society (Patridge)  My American Days are in press to be published in 2025 .Internationally acclaimed  Hon’ble  Chief Minister Chandra Babu Naidu of Andhra Prades awarded Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee in the International Meet of Multilingual Poets at Vijaywada Cultural Centre , He served as Part Time and Guest in Vidyasagar University and Rabindra Bharati University too.
Since his childhood days which he  passed in the idyllic environment listening to the songs of innocence all around him in the first decade  of the Post-Independence days. His grandfather as an employee organized labour movement in the Metcalfe Press and later Metcalfe  was acting governor-general of India who  particularly  promulgated  laws for freedom of the press .His grand father  was elected Member of Legislative Council in 1935.His  grandmother was married at the age of 9 but she used to teach the village girls and later she was appointed teacher in her own house and got a salary of 16 rupees in those days. It was a huge amount. This story was an inspiring one  as it shows  an atmosphere where service to the people was the motto and the house  was crowded by common people .During  1942 Famine huge amount of Kichdi was cooked for the poor hungry people of the locality . His leading of a very simple life was a story of inspiration for all . His father Chandranath Bhattacharjee  was a teacher and a man of poetic mind  and mother was a pious lady a worshipper of Durga mata and a lover of music . His wife too was a wonderful woman dutiful and compassionate . His wife  Anjali accepted his maverick mood and gave him inspiring support each moment for the last 40 years of their conjugal life. His daughter’s literary excellence   is also inspiration for him  The .little five year old daughter  inspires him everyday to write stories for her already one book of poems on her was published .In his boyhood days  he  used to bring out a hand written magazine where his school friends and family members used to contribute. .. He  compared Charles Dickens’s Great Expectation and  F.Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby in  MPhil Dissertation when few opted in India for American literature Later he was the executive member of Indian Association of American Studies IAAS in Mysore University ..Finally he  did his  Ph.D . on American Literature under Professor Laxmi Parasuram  who was a renowned professor in American literature and his book on Theodore Dreiser and F.Scott Fitzgerald were highly praised by Emeritus Professor of VCU and a great  Fitzgerald Scholar Dr. Bryant Mangum in VCU Richmond. .For his research interest he  specialized on Theodore Dreiser Studies , he  got offer for doing post doctoral from the USA. But for his  family  problems he did not accept the offers. His  guide was unsatisfied with him. Inspired by Dr. Bhabatosh Chatterjee Sir Gurudas Banerjee Professr of Calcutta University he developed a love for  ASRC Hyderabad and he was selected Scholar in Residence twice for  for three months..
 He along with Dr. Jill Blondin Associate Vice Provost Global Education Services of VCU opened a new Society KIAS ( Kaleidoscopic Indian American Society )  and they  are now opening regional centers all over indian Higher education institutions in  Nagpur,Dharbhanga ,  Delhi, Meerut Jaipur  ,Kanpur, Madurai  Annamalai Unviersity  and Manipal University and others. He got inspiration from his Principals Late Sukumar Gupta  Late Ranaji  Bagh and Dr. :Pradeepta Gupta Roy the later one being a writer and researcher of international height.  However love from his readers on social media and his popularity  in the universities in all over India and abroad are his real award,. They all are now happy when  he bagged the International Tagore Award and the Bhanu Singh Award at the same time this year. Other awards he got make  a  pretty long list which includes, APJ Abdul Kalam Education Excellence Award as Dynamic Professor of the Year 2021,Certificate of Commitment World Book of  Records Switzerland 2021,Winner of International Award 2020, Literamo Golden Star Awards 2020, INS Research Excellence Award 2020 ,Best Professor of the Year 2020 Award , International Research Scholar Reviewer ( Lifetime), International Educational Excellence Award Dynamic Professor of the Year 2021 etc. Still Dr. Ratan remains humble and down to earth in his approach to life. His message is simple but profound, “ Like Tagore I want to say , Love  for humanity is my motto and  Promotion of global peace is my mission.”Dr.Daniela Rogeobete Associate Professor  of American Literature and English University of Craiova, Romania  is a versatile writer ,Email, dani.rogobete@yahoo.com

Multi-Talented Faruque Ahamed : Promoting Minority Education in India 

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 Multi-Talented Faruque Ahamed : Promoting Minority Education in India
                                          Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee
Faruque Ahamed’s versatility is manifested as poet, writer, essayist and above all as a socially alert citizen. It is a passion of the heart. His Udar Akash Publication is calling, let the light of literature illuminate every home. Michael Bassey Johnson in The Infinity Sign wrote “Creativity expands the mind, stretches it beyond ordinary human comprehension, resulting in the mind being elastic and capable of transcending and discerning complex ideas.”Every book fair in Kolkata witnessed his publications. He is a fountain of inspiration to many in the publication world as a ‘pole star of commitment’. Nearly all eminent intellectuals and academicians, poets and writers veer round him for a space in his edited journals and edited books. In the latest Book Fair issue of Udar Akash eminent Akademi awardee writers like Subodh Sarkar and Journalist like Mainul Hassan along with others contributed a good many articles on the socio-cultural life of Bengal and North East, nay India. Subodh Sarkar’s unique poems raise a big question “What is life’s meaning if we forget to dream”. In another poem he wrote “I wanna write like a young poet , I wanna do mistakes”. Side by side, in a serious essay Mainul Hassan wrote on Gulzar’s only novel Do Log which he wrote at the age of 83. The novel was written against the backdrop of World War II. Gulzar mused on the tragic story of Partition. Sumit Mukhopadhyay  handled a difficult topic  ‘Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and Shymaprasad Mukherjee : Their  Concepts of Nationalism”. The discussion on Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen’s interpretation of John Rawl’s concept of Justice is truly a perceptive one and worth reading. Zahir Ul Islam mused on the sense of humour in the poetry of the revolutionary poet Kazi Nazrul Islam and it makes happy reading. For the collection of such rare articles  and poems Udar Akash is regarded as ‘a cultural  heritage’ more than a mere edited journal.  Faruque Ahamed who hails from a backward community rises to a great height of intellectual commitment by connecting the great minds of Bengal, Assam and even Bangladesh. He focuses on the socio- cultural background of our country and the position of the backward minorities in his books and journals. He traces back the hitherto unknown roots  of their sufferings. This is a Herculean task and he continues with it. Recently he published one very important book Bangalir Astitwa Rakshar Sangram (A Struggle for the Existence of the Bengalee) which has stirred the intellectual mind. The book contains more than forty write ups by twenty two eminent writers and researchers including Barid Baran Ghosh, Safiunessa, Bani Basu,  Subodh Sarkar, Mainul Hassan, Jayanta Singha , Suman Bhattacharya, Jayanta Ghoshal, Manisha Bandyopadhyay, Mohd. Samsul Alam, Ekramul Haque Sheikh, Prabir Ghosh Roy, Dipak Saha, Kumaresh Chakraborty and many others. In his poem Subodh Sarkar wrote “Language survives in Salt and Turmeric” . Sahana Nag Chowdury focused on how a language like Bangla  fights for its own survival over the ages. Barid Baran Ghosh expresses his concern for the gradual decline of Bengali culture and heritage. Long ago Tagore  wrote about the ‘Unity of the nation’ which was forged through the unity of languages. But that too is in jeopardy and Safiunessa expressed her concern in her article about the cleavages found in this unity in Assam and Bengal and also in other parts of the country. In Bengal the existence of Bengalee people is at stake. In Mumbai the Marathi constitutes 68%, in Chennai, Tamil constitutes 82 % Kannad in Bangaluru constitutes 72%  but in Kolkata Bengalee are less than 55% of the total population. ‘Is the survival of the Bengalee at stake?” Suman Bhattacharya raises this question in his article. Faruque Ahamed who is deeply engaged in academic and research activities always made the exploration of the status of neglected backward ethnic groups as a focal point in his undertaken projects. As the Editor of “Udar Akash” magazine and Udar Akash publishing house and a researcher of Kalyani University, he concentrates on working for the dignity of the nation for the welfare of the society, in addressing  the grievances of the neglected and backward classes in their time-worn struggle to help them enjoy their due rights.
Faruque Ahamed is one of the representatives of Bengal’s new batch of thinkers that emerged in sthe early 21st century. He created a sage niche for himself in the field of social thinking at a rapid pace as one of those rare harbingers of new Dawn who are committed to the promotion of values in keeping with newly emergent ideas and  revolutionary theories in the pages of literature. Faruque Ahamed said ”Muslims had no contribution in the middle class and intelligentsia of Bengal that flourished in the early 19th century. However, it is universally accepted that the work of unifying all the towns of Bengal under the name of ‘Banga’ was not achieved during the Hindu period. This job was accomplished during the Muslim period. This was the most difficult time for the Muslims of Bengal during the six hundred (600) years after the arrival of Muslims in Bangladesh and the beginning of the propagation of Islam through Sufi mystics (bujargs). The period from 1757 (The year when the throne or the ‘Hukumati Takht’ passed from the hands of the Muslims) till the beginning of the 20th century can be characterized as a dark period for the Muslims of Bengal. It is notable that during the Mughal period Muslim Bengali literature continued to be discussed and practiced in Bangladesh and in two independent outlying states outside the Mughal Empire (namely Rosang and Tripura).2 In this context we have to remember the untold sufferings of Muslims in Hindustan after an unsuccessful Sepoy Mutiny in 1857.3 M.R. Akhtar Mukul’s book called “Kolkata-centric intellectuals” (Kolkata kendrik Buddhijibi) supports this statement.
 The period between 1905-1947 AD can be identified as the period of self-establishment and expansion of the middle-class Bengali Muslim class. 4 That is, since the beginning of the twentieth century, Bengali Muslims had been trying to find a form of society. In fact, between 1920 and 1947, it emerged as a prestigious ethnic group. A mindset of response to change is developed at every level of life. At such a time, independence came to this subcontinent through partition. Bengali Muslim’s self-development path soon became blocked in Bengal. A large section of the newly emerged Bengali Muslim intellectuals ‘migrated’ to the then East Pakistan seeking respect and establishment. As a result of the political evolution in the life of the Muslims of West Bengal, an indescribable misery descended. Then in Calcutta, the loss of life and property of Muslims was much more than that of Hindus. After the partition of the country, the Bengali Muslim society suddenly became guardian less. The political ideas of individual nationality, right to self-determination had disappeared over time in changed circumstances.
In such a situation, the intellectual field of Bengali Muslims was disturbed, though it was natural. Humayun Kabir (1906-’69), Qazi Abdul Odud (1894-1970), Syed Mujtaba Ali (1904-’74), Abu Syed Ayub (1906-’82) and Rezaul Karim (1902-’93). The people mentioned earlier in the country-division achieved special fame in the practice of literary culture. At this time a group of Bengali Muslim writers took initiative. Two literary organizations were established for that purpose. One was in Calcutta and the other was in Dhaka.6 The associations for Islamic Civilization and Cultural Aspects were saved by hard works of M. Abdur Rahman.
The void created in the field of literature and culture after the partition shocked the Muslims of West Bengal, but they did not lose heart. At this time, the principles of Renaissance Society and Sahitya Sangsad were adopted in the field of literature and culture. This principle was particularly noticeable in the use of the Bengali language.7 It’s manifestation had become noticeable later. The names of Syed Mustafa Siraj, Abdul Aziz Al-Aman and Abdul Jabbar are particularly memorable amongst the promising young Muslim writers of that time. After partition, when the cultural identity of the Bengali Muslim society had in danger, at that time Syed Mustafa Siraj had overcame various disasters and limitations to establish his dignity and nobility, at the same time, Bengali Muslims had tried to identify the centre of their self-esteem. Mr. Syed Mustafa Siraj was the top representative of ‘Composite Culture’. At this time, the Bengali Muslim writer’s eyes were particularly focused on his social and communal feelings. In this regard, the role of Muslim writers against social prejudices was memorable. Especially their efforts in modern education, gaining freedom, connecting with science and modern lifestyle were helpful in the progression of society.”
Udar Akash has already left a profound mark on the panorama of literary mind of our times. All great minds love to dream and it is the dream of writer Faruque Ahamed to show the new horizons of progressive thoughts as a new milestone of thinking.
Faruque Ahamed was not born with a silver spoon but his birth on March 7, 1983 in Natapukur village of South 24 Parganas district was probably an auspicious event for the people of Natapukur village which today feels proud of him. He was an inquisitive student in the village primary school with chalk in hand. He is the first in his generation to get an opportunity to work as a Ph.D. researcher in the prestigious Kalyani University. Earlier no other member from the family got a chance to get admission in Ph.D. Faruque Ahamed’s wife Mousumi Biswas is also working as a Ph.D. researcher in the Department of Education. Faruque Ahamed is currently working as News letter In-Charge and Office Co-ordinator of Chemistry Department in Kalyani University. But his creative urge is no less important .His notable poetry book is ‘Vishwaprem’. Essay collection ‘Promise and Development’, ‘Furfura Sharif’s Message’, ‘Muslim Vote Bank in Congress and Left Governance’, ‘The Paradox of Sunrise Political Empowerment in the West’, ‘Kazi Nazrul Islam Across the Vast Sky’ and ‘Bengali’s Struggle for Survival’ edited by Faruque Ahamed. Faruque Ahamed also edited a research book on Kalyani University written in English. “Udar Akash” edited by Faruque Ahamed has already published special issues on ‘Minorities and Chief Ministers’, ‘In Search of Dignity’, ‘Search for Self-Identity’, ‘Mirror of Self-Development’, ‘Backward and Minorities in Political Empowerment’, ‘Degradation of Values’, ‘Awakening of Bhoomiputras’ and ‘Advancing the response to ugliness’. These academic and literary efforts made the people of Bengal aware of the turning point in state politics. He is determined to continue efforts in search for human dignity in the future.
Editing anthology is nowadays a regular thing with the academicians. But when it is the versatile Editor Faruque Ahamed, the story is totally different. His recently edited books tell us the big truth. Everyone knows his peer reviewed Bi-annual Literary Research Journal ‘Udar Akash’ (Generous Firmament). It has crossed nearly twenty two years  as the journey started when he published the first issue of “Udar Akash” (in 2002) with the help and cooperation from many of his friends. During his school life, he had his debut in journalism. At that time, he started his career with scanty earning from farming and selling newspapers. More than 121 books have already been published by Udar Akash Publishing House. Several books of high academic standard have been published by Udar Akash publishing house which rightly deserved encomium from researchers and varied readers of West Bengal Assam or even Bangladesh which is promoting varied muslim minority issues.
[Dr Ratan Bhattacharjee is currently Affiliate Faculty Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond  USA and a multilingual writer   Email bhattacharjr@gmail.com

Over thinking Hurts

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Overthinking Hurts
By Nazema Parray
While going through my robotic routine my mind usually remain occupied with some things that are unimportant. The things that drains my mental health and makes me prisoner of my own unending thoughts.These endless thoughts that comes out of nowhere drags me to unknown places that seems horrible.

As a human we have become habitual of accepting commands and always thrive to finish them on time as if our minds are replaced with machines. Then comes the process of thinking that we  have kept on the loop in our mind. These thoughts and this phase of thinking is called Overthinking. Correct me if I am wrong if I would say this phase a Satanic phase because in this process we are at our lowest vis s vis our emann become weak.It is a process when our desires lead us to astray.
In this overthinking phase we want to understand the things according to our understanding.We want certain events to happen according to our wishes that has already happened or about to happen in future time. We don’t want to consider about the others way of thinking and their mental capabilities. We confuse our mind in tiresome issues that has taught us lessons and has made us better and stronger in present. We need to end this cycle by accepting the fact that past has gone future holds bundle of surprises and we need to concentrate on present moment.
Overthinking leads one to self doubts .If We really want to do something just act.  We as a Muslim should surrender ourselves and our future to Almighty as He Is The best planner in whole universe. We should break this satanic cycle by keeps our mind busy in zikr of Allah. Most of over thinkers are physically doing their work but they are mentally exhausting thier mind with the things that are not in our control.
Overthinking will lead you to nowhere.We cannot change others but yes we can change ourselves.Be The Change and stop overthinking about past and future.we should focus on what we have in plate at present and we should know the art of enjoying this platter as Everyone is not as fortunate as you .Be thankful Be Mindful Trust His Plans and Surrender Yourself To Him.

Pinky’s Childhood!

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PINKY’S CHILDHOOD!
( An Autobiographical story of eminent Odhisa writer Monalisa Parida to be taught in Nepal schools for Grade 7 Students)
      Once upon a time, there was a young girl named Pinky who lived in a small village, Chhoti. She was a lively child whose passion was playing, studying, writing poems, short stories. She was a bright student of Ramachandi Sikshya Niketan, Chhoti who loved learning new things and was always curious about the world around her. As she grew older, she realised the importance of education. Her parents were farmers who worked hard to feed their family. Despite their hardships, her parents valued education and always encouraged her to study.
       One day her father got some work in Cuttack, Odisha. Pinky convenienced her father to accompany him on the trip. It was a matter of  three days. So her father agreed. She packed her luggage and very excited to go there, where she could start her new professional life. When pinky reached at Cuttack, she saw the buildings, shopping Mahals, pakka roads etc. There were full of crowed where one couldn’t breathe fresh air. She felt suffocated. So, Pinky returned her own village where she could breathe clean air and played with her best friend Niki to whom she loved more than her life. Though Pinky was a bright student in her school but her family members especially her grandmother opposed her not to go to school whom Pinky loved more than her mother. But her family members allowed her cousin brother to study hard and supported him to reach his destination. When she saw the opposition of her family members, she was weird. And thought “Why is she not going to school?” But her father supported her to go to school where she can built her future.
    Pinky was inspired by her father’s word and decided to pursue her education further. Through her journey, Pinky realised that education was not just about getting a good job or earning money. It is about gaining knowledge, developing critical thinking skills and using that knowledge to make a difference in the world. She understood the value of education and how it could empower individuals and communities.
    By the blessings of Maa Ramachandi, support of her parents, relatives and friends now Pinky became an Assistant Professor of English at Bhubaneswar College of Engineering, Khordha, Odisha who is also an international recognised poetess of Odisha.
     The moral of the story is that education gives us identity and helps us to make the right decisions.

From Ancestral tradition to Uncertain Future: The Plight of Kashmiri Paper Mache

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From Ancestral Tradition to Uncertain Future:
The Plight of Kashmiri Paper Mache

A photo story by Farhan Sayeed Masoodi

The art of paper Mache has a long and rich history in Kashmir, dating back to the 14th century when it was first introduced by Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, a Daee who came to Kashmir from Hamdan in modern day Iran along with his followers, many of whom were craftsmen.
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Maqbool Jaan showcasing his products in his showroom which he has setup in his house.
The art of Paper Mache involves using of paper pulp to make decorative items, these items once moulded into shape are painted with vibrant colours and intricate floral designs. This art quickly gained popularity in the region and became an integral part of Kashmiri culture and at the same time, it became a source of skill work for Kashmiris and some, an ancestral profession. Gowhara (sister in law of Maqbool jaan) painting a paper mache flower vase.

(In Progress Paper Mache of Maqbool Jan in his in-house workshop)

 

Maqbool Jaan, a 58-year-old Paper Mache artist from the Lal Bazar area of Srinagar, has been practising this traditional craft since the tender age of 3 years after his father died and he had to learn this craft for it to become his source of livelihood and earning. Despite never having gone to school, Maqbool Jaan says that he not only learned the art of paper mache but also received moral education at the workplace of artisans, which he considers to be his school. He is deeply passionate about his craft and believes that it has the potential to provide livelihoods to many in the region.

Maqbool jaan giving final touches to a painting made for an costumer on order.

However, artisans like Maqbool Jaan face significant challenges in today’s world. Mentioning his experience, Maqbool says that he once visited the Craft Development Institute (CDI) to discuss increase in wages, he says that at CDI he was mistreated by the authorities and even abused by one of the higher officials, who said to him that “we should keep the artisans under our feet.” This lack of support from government officials has contributed to the decline in the number of artisans practising paper mache, bringing their numbers to a few hundred.
Maqbool Jaan fears that the younger generation would not be interested in continuing the tradition due to lack of opportunities and financial instability and that the art of paper mache is at risk of dying out. He believes that the government should do more to promote traditional crafts like paper mache and encourage younger generations to take up the art form. In particular, he suggests organizing workshops in schools and colleges to attract the younger generation towards the craft.

Maqbool Jan sitting among his finished Paper Mache showpiece works.

Despite these challenges, Maqbool Jaan remains dedicated to his craft. Working alongside his wife, brother, and sister-in-law, he creates intricate and beautiful paper mache items in his home. One room is dedicated as the workplace and one as a showroom. The products are sold both locally and internationally, providing a source of income for Maqbool Jaan and his family.

Family of Maqbool jaan working in a room which they have dedicated as a workshop.

  1. Maqbool Jaan’s story is a reminder of the importance of preserving traditional crafts and supporting the artisans who practice them. The decline of paper mache artisans in the region is indicative of a larger trend towards the extinction of traditional crafts. Therefore, the government must take steps to promote and preserve these crafts, ensuring that they continue to thrive for future generations.